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<title>Python Package Index</title>

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Python Package Index

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"PyPI" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="PyPy" title="PyPy">PyPy</a>, a Python interpreter and JIT compiler.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">PyPI</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Software repository</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">Multilingual</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pypi.org/">pypi.org</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">2003<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data">Various</td></tr></tbody></table>

The Python Package Index, abbreviated as PyPI (/ˌpaɪpiˈaɪ/) and also known as the Cheese Shop (a reference to the <a href="Monty_Python's_Flying_Circus" title="Monty Python's Flying Circus">Monty Python's Flying Circus</a> sketch "<a href="Cheese_Shop_sketch" title="Cheese Shop sketch">Cheese Shop</a>"),<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a>: 8 <a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>: 742 is the official third-party <a href="Software_repository" title="Software repository">software repository</a> for <a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ancient_pypi_tutorial-4">[4]</a> It is analogous to the <a href="CPAN" title="CPAN">CPAN</a> repository for <a href="Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>: 36 and to the <a href="R_package#Comprehensive_R_Archive_Network_(CRAN)" title="R package">CRAN</a> repository for <a href="R_(programming_language)" title="R (programming language)">R</a>. PyPI is run by the <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>, a charity. Some <a href="Package_manager" title="Package manager">package managers</a>, including <a href="Pip_(package_manager)" title="Pip (package manager)">pip</a>, use PyPI as the default source for packages and their dependencies.<a href="#cite_note-pip_usage-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-pypi_mirrors-7">[7]</a>

As of 6 May 2024, more than 530,000 Python packages are available.

PyPI primarily hosts Python packages in the form of source archives, called "sdists", or of "wheels"<a href="#cite_note-wheel_pep-8">[8]</a> that may contain binary modules from a compiled language.

PyPI as an index allows users to search for packages by <a href="Index_term" title="Index term">keywords</a> or by <a href="Filter_(software)" title="Filter (software)">filters</a> against their <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a>, such as <a href="Free_software_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software license">free software license</a> or compatibility with <a href="POSIX" title="POSIX">POSIX</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pypi_browse-9">[9]</a> A single entry on PyPI is able to store, aside from just a package and its metadata, previous releases of the package, <a href="Preprocessor" title="Preprocessor">precompiled</a> wheels (e.g. containing <a href="Dynamic-link_library" title="Dynamic-link library">DLLs</a> on Windows), as well as different forms for different <a href="Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating systems</a> and Python versions.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

The Python Distribution Utilities (distutils) Python module was first added to the Python standard library in the 1.6.1 release, in September 2000, and in the 2.0 release, in October 2000, nine years after the first Python release in February 1991, with the goal of simplifying the process of installing <a href="Third-party_software_component" title="Third-party software component">third-party</a> Python packages.<a href="#cite_note-py1.6-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-py2.0-11">[11]</a>

However, distutils only provided the tools for packaging Python <a href="Code" title="Code">code</a>, and no more. It was able to collect and distribute <a href="Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> but did not use it for other purposes.<a href="#cite_note-pep_301-12">[12]</a> Python still lacked a centralised catalog for packages on the internet. PEP 241, a proposal to standardize metadata for indexes, was finalized in March 2001.<a href="#cite_note-pep_241-13">[13]</a> A proposal to create a comprehensive centralised catalog, hosted at the python.org domain, was later finalized in November 2002.<a href="#cite_note-ancient_pypi_tutorial-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-pep_301-12">[12]</a>

On 16 April 2018, all PyPI traffic began being served by a more modern website platform: Warehouse. The legacy website was turned off at the end of that month.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> All existing packages were migrated to the new platform with their histories preserved.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>

In May 2023 the Python Software Foundation reported that the <a href="United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> had <a href="Subpoena" title="Subpoena">subpoenaed</a> the user data of five PyPI contributors.<a href="#cite_note-Durbin_2023-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> A representative of the organization further explained that they expect privacy for contributors, but they also comply with the law and court orders, and for this reason turned over the data which the government requested.<a href="#cite_note-Durbin_2023-17">[17]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the property:

<ul><li> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P5568" class="extiw external" title="d:Property talk:P5568">PyPI project (P5568)</a> (see <a class="external text external" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP5568%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P5568%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a>)</li></ul></div></div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pypa.io/en/latest/history">"Packaging History"</a>. Python Packaging Authority — PyPA documentation.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLutz2006" class="citation book cs1">Lutz, Mark (2006). Programming Python. Vol. 10 (3 ed.). O'Reilly Media, Inc. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780596009250</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRamalho2015" class="citation book cs1">Ramalho, Luciano (2015). Fluent Python. O'Reilly Media, Inc. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781491946268</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-ancient_pypi_tutorial-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ancient_pypi_tutorial_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ancient_pypi_tutorial_4-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFHylton2003" class="citation web cs1">Hylton, Jeremy (24 September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120521221310/http://www.python.org/~jeremy/weblog/030924.html">"Python Package Index Tutorial"</a>. Jeremy Hylton. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.python.org/~jeremy/weblog/030924.html">the original</a> on 21 May 2012. Retrieved 22 April 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBarry2010" class="citation book cs1">Barry, Paul (2010). Head First Python. O'Reilly Media, Inc. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4493-8267-4</bdi>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-pip_usage-6"><a href="#cite_ref-pip_usage_6-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120502155303/http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/usage.html">"Usage"</a>. pip 1.1.post1 documentation. The pip developers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/usage.html">the original</a> on 2 May 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-pypi_mirrors-7"><a href="#cite_ref-pypi_mirrors_7-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120503003036/http://pypi.python.org/mirrors">"PyPI mirrors"</a>. Python Package Index. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pypi.python.org/mirrors">the original</a> on 3 May 2012. Retrieved 22 April 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-wheel_pep-8"><a href="#cite_ref-wheel_pep_8-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0427/">"PEP 427 -- The Wheel Binary Package Format 1.0"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-pypi_browse-9"><a href="#cite_ref-pypi_browse_9-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=browse">"Browse : Python Package Index"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-py1.6-10"><a href="#cite_ref-py1.6_10-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://python.org/download/releases/1.6.1/">"Python 1.6.1"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. Retrieved 24 April 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-py2.0-11"><a href="#cite_ref-py2.0_11-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.python.org/2/whatsnew/2.0.html">"What's New in Python 2.0"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. Retrieved 2 August 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-pep_301-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pep_301_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pep_301_12-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0301/">"PEP 301 -- Package Index and Metadata for Distutils"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. 24 October 2002. Retrieved 3 June 2012.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-pep_241-13"><a href="#cite_ref-pep_241_13-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0241/">"PEP 241 -- Metadata for Python Software Packages"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. 19 October 2001. Retrieved 18 August 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warehouse.readthedocs.io/">"Welcome to Warehouse's documentation!"</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.python.org/2018/04/new-pypi-launched-legacy-pypi-shutting.html">"Python Insider: New PyPI launched, legacy PyPI shutting down April 30"</a>. <a href="Python_Software_Foundation" title="Python Software Foundation">Python Software Foundation</a>. 16 April 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lwn.net/Articles/751458/">"A new package index for Python"</a>. <a href="LWN.net" title="LWN.net">LWN.net</a>. Retrieved 1 June 2018.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-Durbin_2023-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Durbin_2023_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Durbin_2023_17-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFDurbin2023" class="citation web cs1">Durbin, Ee (24 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.pypi.org/posts/2023-05-24-pypi-was-subpoenaed/">"PyPI was subpoenaed - The Python Package Index"</a>. blog.pypi.org.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRudra2023" class="citation news cs1">Rudra, Sourav (25 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.itsfoss.com/pypi-subpoenaed/">"The Python Software Foundation Complies with PyPI Subpoenas to Share Some User Data"</a>. It's FOSS News.</cite>

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</ol></div>

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-11-09" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Python_Package_Index&oldid=1256359433">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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